That last episode of Galactica got me thinking. If you’ve got a story set in space, at some point someone’s probably going to be stuck in an airlock, or trapped in a compartment that’s undergoing explosive decompression. Space is a dangerous scary place, and an easy way to frighten the audience is to let space in.
The Dave Bowman Maneuver

This is the situation where someone is trapped in an airlock, or outside an airlock, without a pressure suit, and in order to get back to the safety of the ship, they must propel themselves for a few seconds through the vacuum of space. Dave Bowman in 2001: A Space Odyssey is the prime example of this, during the famous “HAL, open the pod bay doors” scene. After HAL refuses to open the pod bay doors, Bowman launches himself, sans pressure suit, from the shuttle pod into the airlock, and seals the airlock before space gets him. The film Event Horizon has another version of this: a suicidal character traps himself in the airlock, seals the interior doors, and cycles open the exterior doors. A crewmate rescues him by waiting outside, shoving him back in, and resealing the airlock. (In my opinion, it’s the best scene in an otherwise mediocre film.) In Titan A.E., two characters leap through space in order to reach their nearby ship from a shuttle that’s disintegrating around them.
Airlock Execution
Vacuum is a really great way to get rid of the bad guys. Open your cargo bay doors, and zip, they’re sucked right out. This is assuming you are very well anchored so that you too don’t get sucked out. The Alien movies have made liberal use of this technique. My favorite variation of this is in the Firefly episode “Out of Gas,” when the crew puts out an engine fire by opening the ship to vacuum, thereby removing the oxygen and extinguishing the fire. The Battlestar Galactica miniseries also put out a fire by evacuating the air from that section. Unfortunately, a score of crewmembers were evacuated as well. The good of the many and all that.
There’s nothing quite so heart-wrenching as looking through the view plate in an airlock door, meeting the gaze of a person you’ve condemned to death, then popping the exterior door and watching them fly. This seems to be the method of execution of choice in the BSG universe. Mal threatens Jayne with flushing in “Ariel.” And you have to admit: not a whole lot of clean-up required afterward.
Reality
It’s generally accepted that the human body is resilient, and exposure to vacuum does not mean certain death. In 1965, an accident in a NASA vacuum chamber involving a leak in a suit caused an astronaut to lose consciousness, but after atmosphere was restored, he recovered with no ill effects. In an earlier high-altitude balloon experiment, the test pilot lost pressure in his right glove. At an altitude of 100,000 feet, his hand swelled and became useless. Upon returning to the surface, the hand returned to normal, and he suffered no permanent injury.
In the history of human spaceflight, there has only been one recorded instance of a decompression accident, in 1971, on the Soviet mission Soyuz 11, which resulted in the deaths of three cosmonauts. Cause of death was asphyxiation.
The main threat from exposure to vacuum is asphyxiation. A person will lose consciousness in about 15 seconds, about the time it takes oxygen-deprived blood to reach the brain. Count out 15 seconds to yourself — a lot can happen in that time. A quick rescue, for example. If you have friends helping you out after you lose consciousness, you have even longer until permanent damage from lack of oxygen occurs.
The word from NASA:
“If you don’t try to hold your breath, exposure to space for half a minute or so is unlikely to produce permanent injury. Holding your breath is likely to damage your lungs, something scuba divers have to watch out for when ascending, and you’ll have eardrum trouble if your Eustachian tubes are badly plugged up, but theory predicts — and animal experiments confirm — that otherwise, exposure to vacuum causes no immediate injury. You do not explode. Your blood does not boil. You do not freeze. You do not instantly lose consciousness.”
So that bit at the end of Total Recall where Arnie ends up on the surface of Mars and his face swells up and goes into contortions while his eyes bug out of his head? Wouldn’t happen.
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